Pronephrium simplex
Synonym: Meniscium simplex; Abacopteris simplex; Aspidium simplex; Asplenium simplex; Cyclosorus simplex; Dryopteris simplex; Nephrodium simplex; Phegopteris simplex; Polypodium simplex; Thelypteris simplex.
Region: Asia, China, Taiwan, Japan, Vietnam.
Habitat: in forests; streams; in valleys; sea level to 1500 m.
Botany
Fern; 30 to 40 cm tall.
Root: rhizomes long, creeping, with sparse, dark brown lanceolate scales and hooked hairs at apices.
Stem: sterile stipes; 14 to 18 cm long; stramineous; occasionally with 1 or 2 scales at bases; distally with dense hooked short hairs; sometimes with acicular long hairs.
Leaves: fronds remote, simple, dimorphic; laminae elliptic-lanceolate; ± 20 cm long, 5 cm wide; entire or undulate; veins visible, oblique distally, parallel to each other, one subrectangular areole between veinlets, above with 2 lines of subsquare areoles; laminae papery when dry, with hooked short hairs on both surfaces, denser hairs along rachises and veins sometimes with long acicular hairs; fertile fronds much taller than sterile ones; stipes 30-35 cm; laminae lanceolate, 5-10 × 8-15 cm, entire, bases cordate, apices long acuminate; veins and hairs same as those on sterile fronds. Sori attached on veinlets, orbicular when young, exindusiate, spreading throughout abaxial surface of pinnae when mature.